Marine Fish

Further Reading: Fish

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Cleaner Fish ... The symbiosis does not break down because the abundance of these parasites varies significantly seasonally and spatially, and the overall benefit to the larger fish outweighs any cheating on the part of the smaller... Mimicry Many cleaner fish have a distinctive combination of a long narrow body, a longitudinal stripe, a blue colour, and small size... "Convergent signalling among cleaners, using size, stripes and colour, should facilitate their recognition by fish clients." The sabre-toothed blenny Aspidontus taeniatus is a blenny that mimics the ritualised dance the cleaner wrasse makes when passing fish swim by...

Fish Anatomy ... The caudal peduncle is the narrow part of the fish's body to which the caudal or tail fin is attached. The hypural joint is the joint between the caudal fin and the last of the vertebrae...

Bird Vision ... Birds, unlike us but like fish, amphibians and reptiles, have four types of colour receptors in the eye. These give birds the ability to perceive not only the visible range but also the ultraviolet part of the spectrum, and other adaptations allow for the detection of polarised light or magnetic fields...

Cultural Depictions Of Cats ... Black cats are generally held to be unlucky in the United States and Europe, and to portend good luck in the United Kingdom. In the latter country, a black cat entering a house or ship is a good omen, and a sailor's wife should have a black cat for her husband's safety on the sea...

Shoaling And Schooling ... Fish derive many benefits from shoaling behaviour including defence against predators (through better predator detection and by diluting the chance of individual capture), enhanced foraging success, and higher success in finding a mate...

Live Fish Trade ... The live food fish trade is a global system that links fishing communities with markets, primarily in Hong Kong and mainland China... Consumer demand Within the live food trade there are certain types of fish demanded more often by consumers, particularly smaller and medium-sized fish... According to the book While Stocks Last: The Live Reef Food Fish Trade consumer demand has caused the fish captured on coral reefs to be the most valued fish in the trade...

Sustainable Seafood ... Nonprofit groups addressing seafood sustainability include the Marine Stewardship Council, Monterey Bay Aquarium, Oceana, John G. Shedd Aquarium and Greenpeace...

Recreational Fishing ... Other devices, commonly referred to as terminal tackle, are also used to affect or complement the presentation of the bait to the targeted fish...

Angling ... In many parts of the world, size limits apply to certain species, meaning fish below and/or above a certain size must, by law, be released... Among the many species of salt water fish that are caught for sport are swordfish, marlin, tuna, salmon and halibut... In Europe a large number of anglers fish for species such as carp, pike, tench, rudd, roach, European perch and barbel (especially in stillwaters)...

Fish Farming ... There is an increasing demand for fish and fish protein, which has resulted in widespread overfishing in wild fisheries... However, farming carnivorous fish, such as salmon, does not always reduce pressure on wild fisheries, since carnivorous farmed fish are usually fed fishmeal and fish oil extracted from wild forage fish... The global returns for fish farming recorded by the FAO in 2008 totalled 33.8 million tonnes worth about $US 60 billion...

Fishing Industry ... The commercial activity is aimed at the delivery of fish and other seafood products for human consumption or as input factors in other industrial processes... Commercial sector The commercial sector of the fishing industry comprises the following chain: Commercial fishing and fish farming which produce the fish Fish processing which produce the fish products Marketing of the fish products World production Fish are harvested by commercial fishing and aquaculture... According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the world harvest in 2005 consisted of 93.3 million tonnes captured by commercial fishing in wild fisheries, plus 48.1 million tonnes produced by fish farms...

Fishery Products ... Fish and other aquatic organisms are also processed into various food and non-food products. History In Ancient Roman society, garum, a type of fish sauce condiment, was popular...

Mercury In Fish ... The presence of mercury in fish can be a health issue, particularly for women who are or may become pregnant, nursing mothers, and young children... This results in the bioaccumulation of mercury, in a buildup in the adipose tissue of successive trophic levels: zooplankton, small nekton, larger fish etc... Anything which eats these fish within the food chain also consumes the higher level of mercury the fish have accumulated...

Disease In Ornamental Fish ... Due to their generally small size and the low cost of replacing diseased or dead fish, the cost of testing and treating diseases is often seen as more trouble than the value of the fish... Issues in diagnosis and treatment Due to the artificially limited volume of water and high concentration of fish in most aquarium tanks, communicable diseases often affect most or all fish in a tank... An improper nitrogen cycle, inappropriate aquarium plants and potentially harmful freshwater invertebrates can directly harm or add to the stresses on ornamental fish in a tank...

Fish Locomotion ... Body/caudal fin propulsion There are five groups that differ in the fraction of their body that is displaced laterally : Anguilliform locomotion In some long, slender fish – eels, for example – there is little increase in the amplitude of the flexion wave as it passes along the body... Sub-carangiform locomotion Here, there is a more marked increase in wave amplitude along the body with the vast majority of the work being done by the rear half of the fish... Ocean sunfish, for example, have a completely different system, and many small fish use their pectoral fins for swimming as well as for steering and dynamic lift...

Fish Marketing ... It can be dedicated to wholesale trade between fishermen and fish merchants, or to the sale of seafood to individual consumers, or to both...

Overfishing ... In these locations, overfishing has not only proved disastrous to fish stocks but also to the fishing communities relying on the harvest... The United Kingdom has created elements within this plan to attempt to restore this fishery, but the expanding global human population and the expanding demand for fish has reached a point where demand for food threatens the stability of these fisheries, if not the species' survival... Deep sea fish grow slowly because of limited food, have slow metabolisms, low reproductive rates, and many don't reach breeding maturity for 30 to 40 years...

Fish Diseases And Parasites ... Specific defences are specialised responses to particular pathogens recognised by the fish's body, that is adaptative immune responses. In recent years, vaccines have become widely used in aquaculture and ornamental fish, for example vaccines for furunculosis in farmed salmon and koi herpes virus in koi...

Cat ... Cats are similar in anatomy to the other felids, with strong, flexible bodies, quick reflexes, sharp retractable claws, and teeth adapted to killing small prey. As crepuscular predators, cats use their acute hearing and ability to see in near darkness to locate prey...

Diversity Of Fish ... Unlike groupings such as birds or mammals, fish are not a single clade but a paraphyletic collection of taxa, including jawless, cartilaginous and skeletal types... Lampreys attached to a lake trout Mouth of a sea lamprey Pacific hagfish resting on bottom at 280 m Stir-fried hagfish, from Korean cuisine Cartilaginous fish Cartilaginous fish have a cartilaginous skeleton... Because cartilaginous fish do not have bone marrow, the spleen and special tissue around the gonads produces red blood cells...

Scale (anatomy) ... They come in two forms: Cycloid scales have a smooth outer edge, and are most common on fish with soft fin rays, such as salmon and carp... Ctenoid scales have a toothed outer edge, and are usually found on fish with spiny fin rays, such as bass and crappie...

Fish ... Commercial and subsistence fishers hunt fish in wild fisheries (see fishing) or farm them in ponds or in cages in the ocean (see aquaculture)... Fish have had a role in culture through the ages, serving as deities, religious symbols, and as the subjects of art, books and movies...

Aquaculture ... The reported output from global aquaculture operations would supply one half of the fish and shellfish that is directly consumed by humans; however, there are issues about the reliability of the reported figures... Further, in current aquaculture practice, products from several pounds of wild fish are used to produce one pound of a piscivorous fish like salmon... Particular kinds of aquaculture include fish farming, shrimp farming, oyster farming, algaculture (such as seaweed farming), and the cultivation of ornamental fish...